Dental Morphology Of Permanent Premolars

The term premolar is used to denote any tooth in the permanent dentition of mammals that replaces a primary molar. There are 8 premolars – 4 in the maxillary arch and 4 in the mandibular arch. They can be identified by the International Numbering System using the formula of Viohla as teeth 14, 15, 24,… Continue reading Dental Morphology Of Permanent Premolars

Dental Morphology Of The Mandibular Central Incisor

The surface of the crown is nearly smooth. The crown is very narrow with respect to its length. The mesioincisal and distoincisal angles are nearly right angles, or only a little rounded. N.B. This tooth is so symmetrical that it is quite difficult to tell left from right unless on models or in the mouth.… Continue reading Dental Morphology Of The Mandibular Central Incisor